نشریه اقتصاد محاسباتی
سال دوم شماره 4 (پاییز 1402)

Health indicators, as a significant factor, can play a crucial role in enhancing the levels of developmental indicators in countries. The present study aims to examine the impact of health indicators on economic indicators during the period 1395-1399 for 31 provinces of the country. This research is of an applied and analytical nature. Data analysis is conducted using Stata 17 software, and model estimation is based on the Panel Data pattern. To test the hypotheses, Xtpcse test has been utilized to achieve the results.The results obtained from estimating the model indicate a positive and significant impact of health indicators on economic indicators such as the participation rate of the population aged 10 and older, the unemployment rate of the population aged 10 and older, the Gini coefficient of urban and rural areas, per capita gross domestic product, gross domestic product, health and treatment costs, and education. Therefore, health indicators can have a significant impact on economic development. Thus, by addressing barriers to improving health, efforts can be made towards enhancing the sustainable development of provinces in economic and other educational, human, and various other domains.

In this article, it has been tried to investigate and analyze enterprise input_output model, the relationship between the main products of Khuzestan Steel Company with the internal departments of this company and also with the national economy on both the supply and demand sides and in the form of Backward and Forward linkage for the year 1400 by using the enterprise data model. Therefore, by compiling the enterprise input_output table of Khuzestan Steel Company, the production multiplier and the backward and forward linkages of the four products of slabs, billets and blooms, Pelletizing and sponge iron were calculated in the company and the national economy.The results of this research show that backward and forward linkage of Khuzestan Steel Company with the national economy is 3.21 and 1.41 units, respectively. Among the company's production activities, the highest link was related to the pelletizing product with 1.0 units and , the lowest link was related to the slab product with 0.55 units. pelletizing and sponge iron have the highest and lowest previous linkages (0.02 and 0.78 units) with the national economy, respectively. At the national level, rebar receives a large share of its demand from the products of the Khuzestan Steel Company, and ironstone is considered the most important consumable of these 4 products of the company.

The Covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected the world economy, especially the crude oil industry, due to the decrease in crude oil demand, quarantine, and uncertainty related to the global economic recession, and at the same time, the price war between Saudi Arabia and Russian. In this study, using weekly data from March 2020 to September 2021, which coincides with the outbreak of the Covid-19 disease in the world, the asymmetric effects of crude oil price changes on Iran's capital market will be investigated. To check the assumptions of this research and verify the long-term nonlinear relationships, the boundary test approach is used and the long-term and short-term asymmetric coefficients are estimated simultaneously with the NARDL_ECM model. Also, the rate of government treasury bonds, the number of confirmed cases and the value of retail transactions have been used as control variables. The results show that the positive oil price changes have a stronger significant positive effect on the Iranian capital market than the negative changes. This point shows that when the global crude oil is increasing, buying shares can be profitable for market participants. In addition, due to the weak and insignificant correlation of the capital market with the negative oil price changes, when the price is falling due to unforeseen events such as the epidemic of Covid-19, market participants should avoid excitement and negative emotions in selling shares.

This paper aims to assess different tax evasion methods in the free-trade zones of Iran. In other words, this paper seeks to answer the question of “whether the cultural, economic, and political factors, tax compliance, tax evasion, and tax rates (tax fairness) can cause tax evasion in free trade zones of Iran or not”.

Design/methodology/approach: 

The study method is practical in terms of the objective and descriptive survey based on the method. The study's statistical population comprises all employees and experts of the customs office and Tax Affairs Administration of the free-trade zones, including 480 employees of the tax administration and 400 employees of the customs office using the Cochran Sampling method as the sample of the study. This paper uses the PLS tests to assess the effect of independent variables on the dependent ones.

The study results show that the cultural, economic, and political factors, tax compliance, tax evasion, and tax rates (tax fairness) have a positive and significant effect on tax evasion and tax avoidance in the free-trade zones of Iran.

Originality/value:

Since no study has been carried out so far on different tax evasion methods in the free-trade zones of Iran, results can provide users with helpful information and contribute to the development of science and knowledge. Practitioners can give beneficial information since this paper was carried out in Iran with peculiar political-economic conditions (severe economic sanctions, highly intensive inflation, and eight years of imposed war).

The main goal of the current research was to investigate the mutual effects of the stock exchange and two gold and foreign exchange markets using time series 2009(4) - 2022(11). The implementation of Lee-Strazicich unit root test indicates the occurrence of two structural failures in the stock exchange and gold and foreign exchange markets in the decade of 2010. The optimal model, MSIAH-VAR(2), was selected. The findings of the research showed that the behavior of the total stock price index in Tehran Stock Exchange can be evaluated in two regimes (high volatility and low volatility). The results of the regime transition probability matrix indicated the stability and permanence of the low volatility regime and the weak possibility of transition between regimes. Therefore, when explanatory discussions enter the Tehran stock market, there is a possibility that these fluctuations or turbulences (in the form of a regime) will last a long time.The findings of the first model showed that there was a one-way shock transfer from the gold market to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the investigated period. According to the results of the second model, there is a one-way shock transfer from the stock exchange to the currency market. It can be concluded that in the Iranian economy, gold is of special importance in the portfolio of investors. In addition, shares, like currency, are an investment opportunity in the portfolio of Iranian investors.

The purpose of this research is to present the evolutionary model of short selling using collective intelligence and an ant colony algorithm. In terms of method, this research is in the category of quantitative research, and the purpose of the study is practical. The statistical population includes all active companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has been investigated between 2011 and 2019 for active companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. The method of data collection is library-type and uses foreign and domestic articles and financial data of companies admitted to the stock exchange, which has been compiled by referring to financial statements and explanatory notes using the new Rahvard Novin software. In the following, we have presented the short-selling model by using EViews 9 software and MATLAB, and then using MATLAB software and the ant colony algorithm, we have presented the evolutionary model of short selling. In the end, by comparing the step-by-step regression model and the borrowed sales model (ant colony algorithm), he presented a model that is more efficient than other models. The result of the research indicates that the short-selling model with the help of the ant colony algorithm has a higher efficiency.

One of the most important goals of governments in any economy is to control the income inequality situation, so that in every country, governments are trying to improve the conditions of income distribution according to the factors they have. One of the very important factors that affect income distribution is the shadow economy. As a factor that affects macroeconomic variables, the shadow economy also affects income distribution.Therefore, in this article, the impact of the size of the shadow economy on income inequality in the short and long term periods has been investigated using the panel data econometric method and in the period from 1366 to 1400 in Iran. The results show that the shadow economy has a positive effect (improvement of income distribution) on income distribution in the short term, but this effect is negative in the long term, in other words, the shadow economy has a negative effect on income distribution in the long term.